Glossary
*ALL DEFINITIONS FROM WWW.M-W.COM, UNLESS OTHERWISE CITED*
A
Acquiesced
to accept, comply, or submit tacitly or passively -- often used with in and sometimes with to
Anarchy
1 a : absence of government b : a state of lawlessness or political disorder due to the absence of governmental authority c : a utopian society of individuals who enjoy complete freedom without government
2 a : absence or denial of any authority or established order b : absence of order : DISORDER <not manicured plots but a wild anarchy of nature -- Israel Shenker>
Appliance
a piece of equipment for adapting a tool or machine to a special purpose
Application
http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?application+program
http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?function+application
Apropos
1 : at an opportune time : SEASONABLY
2 : by way of interjection or further comment: with regard to the present topic
Assembly (Machine) Code
A symbolic representation of the machine language of a specific processor. Assembly language is converted to machine code by an assembler. Usually, each line of assembly code produces one machine instruction, though the use of macros is common
http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?query=ASSEMBLY+code
B
Banal
: lacking originality, freshness, or novelty : TRITE
C
Calculator
a usually electronic device for performing arithmetic operations
Colloquial
1 : of or relating to conversation : CONVERSATIONAL
2 a : used in or characteristic of familiar and informal conversation; also : unacceptably informal b : using conversational style
Compiler
A program that converts another program from some source language (or programming language) to machine language (object code). Some compilers output assembly language which is then converted to machine language by a separate assembler.
http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?query=compiler
Computer
a digital device that has a means for Input and Output to/from Storage,
and can execute and operate upon the data placed in Storage; a computer
executes instructions in Storage sequentially, but can alter the flow,
i.e., branch, based upon the results of some comparison.
CPU
Central Processing Unit
E
embryonic
1 : of or relating to an embryo
2 : being in an early stage of development : INCIPIENT, RUDIMENTARY
ethics
a set of moral principles or values;
the principles of conduct governing an individual or a group;
a guiding philosophy
empirical
1 : originating in or based on observation or experience <empirical data>
2 : relying on experience or observation alone often without due regard for system and theory
3 : capable of being verified or disproved by observation or experiment <empirical laws>
F
Flip-flop
1 : the sound or motion of something flapping loosely
2 a : a backward handspring b : a sudden reversal (as of direction or point of view)
3 : a usually electronic device or a circuit (as in a computer) capable of assuming either of two stable states
4 : a rubber sandal loosely fastened to the foot by a thong
G
Graphics Interchange Format: A standard for digitised images compressed with the LZW algorithm, defined in 1987 by CompuServe (CIS).
http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?query=GIF
H
High Level Language
(HLL) A programming language which provides some level of abstraction above assembly language. These normally use statements consisting of English-like keywords such as "FOR", "PRINT" or "GOTO", where each statement corresponds to several machine language instructions. It is much easier to program in a high-level language than in assembly language though the efficiency of execution depends on how good the compiler or interpreter is at optimising the program.
http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?high-level+language
I
Ibid
Ibidem: in the same place
Integrated Circuit
a tiny complex of electronic components and their connections that is produced in or on a small slice of material (as silicon)
impetus
1. a driving force
innocuous
1 : producing no injury : harmless
2 : not likely to give offense or to arouse strong feelings or hostility
J
Joint Photographic Expert Group: The original name of the committee that designed the standard image compression algorithm. JPEG is designed for compressing either full-colour or grey-scale digital images of "natural", real-world scenes. It does not work so well on non-realistic images, such as cartoons or line drawings. JPEG does not handle compression of black-and-white (1 bit-per-pixel) images or moving pictures. Standards for compressing those types of images are being worked on by other committees, named JBIG and MPEG.
http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?query=JPEG
M
Masochist
a sexual perversion characterized by pleasure in being subjected to pain or humiliation especially by a love object -- compare SADISM
2 : pleasure in being abused or dominated : a taste for suffering
Metaphor
1 : a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them (as in drowning in money); broadly : figurative language -- compare SIMILE
2 : an object, activity, or idea treated as a metaphor :
N
Nanotechnology
1 : the art of manipulating materials on an atomic or molecular scale especially to build microscopic devices (as robots)
O
Operating system
(OS) The low-level software which handles the interface to peripheral hardware, schedules tasks, allocates storage, and presents a default interface to the user when no application program is running.
http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?query=operating+system
ostentatious
fond of conspicuous or vainglorious and sometimes pretentious display
P
Patronize
1 : to act as patron of : provide aid or support for
2 : to adopt an air of condescension toward : treat haughtily or coolly
3 : to be a frequent or regular customer or client of
Palpably
1 : capable of being touched or felt : TANGIBLE
2 : easily perceptible : NOTICEABLE
3 : easily perceptible by the mind : MANIFEST
PARC
Xerox’s Palo Alto Research Center
read CNN article at http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9907/08/1972.idg/
Pervasive
to become diffused throughout every part of
Pedagogue
a teacher; especially a dull, formal, or pedantic teacher
Pedantic
narrowly, stodgily, and often ostentatiously learned
Pejorative
having negative connotations; especially : tending to disparage or belittle
Personal Computer
a general-purpose computer equipped with a microprocessor and designed to run especially commercial software (as a word processor or World Wide Web browser) for an individual user
Pithy
1 : consisting of or abounding in pith
2 : having substance and point : tersely cogent
synonym see CONCISE
S
Sadist
1 : a sexual perversion in which gratification is obtained by the infliction of physical or mental pain on others (as on a love object) -- compare MASOCHISM
2 a : delight in cruelty b : excessive cruelty
Scholarly
of, characteristic of, or suitable to learned persons : LEARNED, ACADEMIC
Switch
1 : a slender flexible whip, rod, or twig <a riding switch>
2 : an act of switching : as a : a blow with a switch b : a shift from one to another c : a change from the usual
3 : a tuft of long hairs at the end of the tail of an animal (as a cow) -- see COW illustration
4 a : a device made usually of two movable rails and necessary connections and designed to turn a locomotive or train from one track to another b : a railroad siding
5 : a device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit
6 : a heavy strand of hair used in addition to a person's own hair for some coiffures
T
Tautology
1 : needless repetition of an idea, statement, or word
Transistor
1 : a solid-state electronic device that is used to control the flow of electricity in electronic equipment and consists of a small block of a semiconductor (as germanium) with at least three electrodes
2 : a transistorized radio
U
Utility Software
Programs that make operation of a PC or a LAN more convenient, including programs to move disk files more easily, diagnostic programs, etc.
V
VLSI
the current level of computer microchip miniaturization, refers to microchips containing in the hundreds of thousands of transistors. LSI (large-scale integration) meant microchips containing thousands of transistors. Earlier, MSI (medium scale integration) meant a microchip containing hundreds of transistors and SSI (small-scale integration) meant transistors in the tens.
http://iroi.seu.edu.cn/books/ee_dic/whatis/vlsi.htm